Zygaena purpuralis (Brünnich, 1763)


Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Female (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (Kozani, Askio mountains, Greece, May 2010) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Mating (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Mating (Olympus, Northern Greece, May 2010) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Mating (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Mating (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Worn, faded adult (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany, July 2011) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Parking station (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adult (Northern Greece, Askion, May 2011) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Mating (Northern Greece, Askion, May 2011) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Adults, marked for population study purposes (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany) [M] Zygaena purpuralis: Imagines, catched by a spider [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Ovae [M] Zygaena purpuralis: Ovae [S] Zygaena purpuralis: Half-grown larva (eastern Swabian Alb) [M] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva (eastern Swabian Alb) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva (eastern Swabian Alb) [M] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva (eastern Swabian Alb) [M] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva (eastern Swabian Alb 2009) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Larva (eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany, June 2010) [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Larvae, eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany, June 2010 [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Cocoon [S] Zygaena purpuralis: Cocoon [S] Zygaena purpuralis: Habitat on the eastern Swabian Alb, Southern Germany [N] Zygaena purpuralis: Larval habitat: Thymus-rich, stony, nutrient-poor limestone grassland [N]

Host plants:
Thymus species

Habitat:
Zygaena purpuralis inhabits grasslands, calcareous fens with thyme in drier areas, mountain slopes and pastures (in the northern Alps only relative rarely in highr elevations). It still occurs in almost all reasonably intact nutrient-poor grasslands of the Swabian Alb, even if abundances seem to decrease due to the increasement of grasses an vegetation due to less frequent grazing an other factors.

Life cycle:
The caterpillar overwinters smaller than that of Z. minos on the eastern Swabian Alb, resumes activity a little later in the spring and therefore Zygaena purpuralis flies mainly in July and August. In other areas, the situation may be different. At Mount Olympus in Greece, I observed adults in the spring (May) in around 1000m above sea level.
Selection factors such as the phenology of the resources (nectar plants) also play a great role.

Endangerment: endangered

Endangerment factors:
The risk is slightly lower than in Zygaena minos because of the smaller requests on habitat quality and microclimate.

Remarks:
Zygaena purpuralis is distributed from France and Great Britain to the Tien Shan. Unlike Zygaena minos it occurs up to more than 2000m above sea level in the Alps.



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