Sunira circellaris (Hufnagel, 1766)

Synonyms/other combinations:
Agrochola circellaris

Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.o. rearing, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021 on Carpinus betulus) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.o. rearing, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021 on Carpinus betulus) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, Upper Rhine, larva under Populus, 2020) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found on ash in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, Romania, Sighisoara, larva found under Acer campestre in early May 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found on ash in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult (e.l. rearing, S-Germany, Stuttgart, larva found on Populus tremula in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult [S] Sunira circellaris: Adult [S] Sunira circellaris: Egg on ash, still not developed (Memmingen, early December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on ash, still not developed (Memmingen, early December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Stuttgart, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) Sunira circellaris: Egg on Fraxinus (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Fraxinus, parasitized or otherwise dead (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Egg on aspen (S-Germany, Stuttgart, December 2020) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on aspen (S-Germany, Stuttgart, December 2020) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on aspen (S-Germany, Stuttgart, December 2020) [M] Sunira circellaris: Dead eggs on aspen (S-Germany, Stuttgart, December 2020) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Carpinus betulus (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Ulmus glabra (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Ulmus glabra (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Ulmus glabra (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Ulmus glabra (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Ulmus glabra (S-Germany, Memmingen, December 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Salix caprea (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Salix cinerea (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Egg on Salix cinerea (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [M] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Salix viminalis (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Eggs on Salix viminalis (S-Germany, Memmingen, January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva in the first instar on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva in the first instar on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva in the end of the first instar on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Young larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Young larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, found in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, found in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva (S-Germany, Stuttgart, under aspen, found in early April 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Carpinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva (Romania, Sighisoara, under Acer campestre, early May 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva on Fraxinus (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Half-grown larva (eastern Swabian Alb, 2008) [M] Sunira circellaris: Larva (e.l. eastern Swabian Alb 2008) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva (e.l. eastern Swabian Alb 2008) [S] Sunira circellaris: Larva prior to constructing its cocoon (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Pupa (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S] Sunira circellaris: Pupa (e.o. rearing, S-Germany, Memmingen, egg found in January 2021) [S]

Host plants:
The young caterpillars live in catkins of willows and poplars and in flower buds of Fraxinus, Ulmus and Carpinus (occasionally even Acer sp.). The older ones then feed also on various herbs on the ground. Near Stuttgart and Memmingen I found many eggs not only on willows and poplars, but also on ash. Rearing showed that it were the species and not A. centrago. Additional eggs have been detected on Carpinus and Ulmus, single larvae also under Acer campestre.

Habitat:
The quite widespread species inhabits woodlands and groves of all kinds.

Life cycle:
The eggs overwinter. They are deposited singly or in small groups on flower buds. The young caterpillars live in the kitten from March, the later instars until May or early June on the ground. The prepupa rests for several weeks within the cocoon in the soil prior to pupation. The flight time is from mid-August to November with peak in September and early October.

Remarks:
The distribution extends across large parts of Europe and western Asia.


German version / deutsche Version